ANALISIS DE DIVERSOS ASPECTOS DEL TLC (ITCR)
III. Conclusiones y Acuerdos
Con base en el análisis precedente, el Consejo Institucional del Instituto Tecnológico concluye que:
El TLC no es un mero tratado de libre comercio, pues involucra aspectos no directamente relacionados con la actividad comercial. El TLC tiene como propósito institucionalizar un conjunto de mecanismos jurídicos, políticos y económicos de los cuales no podríamos salirnos sin grave perjuicio for our country. This means that, once ratified NAFTA, the ability to define and develop our own strategy for economic and social development becomes negligible.
NAFTA strategy responds to the United States to promote bilateral agreements, with negotiations to achieve greater advantages to advance the goals not yet achieved at the multilateral level on issues such as making commitments matter intellectual property and investments which are still under discussion in international forums, to promote U.S. interests and projects, while reducing the room for maneuver and direction for economies small and its ability to strengthen the multilateral level.
Under the FTA, the United States guarantee favorable terms, including the improvement of existing ones to expand businesses that are already highly competitive. For Costa Rica only supposed to compete with international products will improve the competitiveness of local firms as a mechanical result of NAFTA, no guarantee or secure anything that hypothesis.
The FTA with Costa Rica in a homogeneous regulatory framework along with all the countries of the region, reducing the possibility of different development policies as those that have historically allowed to build, together with other factors, their individual differences, due to the commitment that the country takes substantial institutional changes. Coupled with this, although the FTA establishes mechanisms for cooperation with other Central American countries to Costa Rica does not include a program, mechanisms and resources to that end, existing in other integration agreements and free trade, to address the asymmetries evident.
NAFTA decision-making process was characterized by mechanisms that hinder the participation of various sectors concerned, as there was reservation information and lack of political control of the negotiators. Moreover, the approach that has been raised through the ratification no options for dialogue and negotiation, to the extent that only leaves room for the end to approve or reject, without any possibility of amendments or bilateral renegotiation.
The most important result of NAFTA to Costa Rica is on tariffs and consolidating the preferential market access in the United States and the expansion of other products not covered by the initiative of the Caribbean Basin, which means specific opportunities for sectors related to export procedures and foreign direct investment (FDI). However, the openness fostered by NAFTA would mean shrinkage and disappearance of productive activities and therefore existing jobs, being the sector of small and medium farmers one of the most vulnerable.
The FTA provides the fundamental obligation of the contracting parties obedience to the existing national environmental legislation, but only allows you to change it if it is to improve the protection or the prerogatives of business related to the environment, but not his own same protection.
In telecommunications, NAFTA unleashed new forces that encourage further development in this area, but also unbalance the social scheme of universality and solidarity in the services that have so far been possible due to the monopoly control exercised by state, which is at serious risk if the treaty is ratified without any agreement in the Legislature for the text of the Law for Strengthening of ICE and Framework Bill ICE. This precludes a healthy adaptation of ICE to the new conditions of openness, because the treaty establishes a series of deadlines for the adoption of relevant legislation, so peremptory, that make that had not been carried out with the gradual required.
The alleged benefits of NAFTA, derived from the model of openness, attracting investment, liberalization and diversification of production and linked to macroeconomic and sectoral results, have been experiencing in our country since the implementation of Structural Adjustment Programmes. This model, however, has facilitated the concentration of wealth, social inequality, increasing the socioeconomic gap. With this background, it is reasonable to think that the eventual ratification of the FTA will deepen the situation in which the winners win and losers will continue to lose, both increasingly.
prior to the eventual ratification of the FTA, it is necessary to reformulate the "complementary agenda", so this is really a national agenda that promotes, internally, the conditions that enhance the competitiveness of our companies and protect and improve our social indicators. With respect to NAFTA, this agenda must take into account:
production structure in terms of employment generation and the country should not deposit all their energy in promoting exports and attracting FDI. Production for the domestic market is worth an intention and energy equivalent, if not higher, if you want to achieve economic growth also conducive to sustainable human development.
Review and strengthening of the legal and institutional framework related to environmental issues, permitting the resolution of existing problems, mainly in pollution issues and direct impacts on the environment for commercial, industrial and residential developments.
The agricultural sector consists of small and medium farmers urged political action is clear that include technology transfer, better education and training, access to credit and support for road infrastructure and services among many other conditions that are currently almost nonexistent, to prevent the opening fostered by the TLC to make them succumb.
is essential to strengthen the state's capacity for active surveillance of compliance with labor laws in Costa Rica, so that the commitments work established by the FTA are treated with the required responsibility. However, the gentlemen in the position should be clear to ratify the FTA as currently the project is to condemn our labor and environmental laws to stagnation and gradual disappearance.
should be given careful and ongoing monitoring of prices of chemicals and drugs to prevent and control its obvious gouging, which should go hand in hand with improved capacity specializing in intellectual property law that grants the country capacity to manage the complex issues in this field will face, regardless of whether or not to ratify the FTA.
order to safeguard the main elements of universality and solidarity that the dynamics of the free market does not contain itself in the field of Telecommunications, which were covered in the negotiations on the issue by providing special rules the country, it is essential strengthening the ICE within a new legal framework and the urgent creation of a regulatory authority.
. The processes of globalization have both positive and negative aspects and are aware of the need to integrate such processes, but could never support processes of globalization as one who seeks current-CARD-USA FTA, with clear and vast gaps ethical , Where success is measured in terms of trade and enrichment of groups or individuals, with market values \u200b\u200bthat determine the performance standards. We believe in the globalization of knowledge, cooperation, values \u200b\u200band resources, a globalization that promotes a model of inclusive development, solidarity, equitable and sustainable.
We are concerned mainly the young, women, and farmers and future generations, as they will suffer the consequences of this Treaty, whose market approach ignores the fundamental values \u200b\u200bthat underpin coexistence and social harmony
COUNCIL CORPORATE
TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF COSTA RICA
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